A.I. Timerzyanov
Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of Ministry of Healthcare of Tatarstan Republic named after prof. M.Z. Sigal, Kazan
Timerzyanov Ayrat I. ― Head of the Operations Department of the Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of Ministry of Healthcare of Tatarstan Republic named after prof. M.Z. Sigal
29 Sibirskiy trakt, Kazan, 420029, Russian Federation, e-mail: Timer25@yandex.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7795-4828
Abstract. The article is devoted to the assessment of the incidence of oncological diseases and the state of oncological care for persons in penitentiary institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan. In the introduction, it is noted that the dynamics of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in Russia is steadily increasing, due to such factors as well-established lifestyle characteristics, high prevalence of behavioral risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, peculiarities of the population structure with a predominance of older people, defects in the routing of a patient with suspected or with an already diagnosed neoplasm. The highest risk of dying from cancer is in categories of the population whose diagnosis of diseases at an early stage is difficult due to their location. Such a large category of the population are persons held in penitentiary institutions.
In the article, we attempted a comparative analysis of morbidity and mortality levels both among the civilian population of the Republic of Tatarstan and persons serving sentences in correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia located on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The research material was based on the available statistical data of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation for the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as data from open sources.
In the section «Discussion results», the factors and structures of morbidity, the causes of the increase in mortality from oncological diseases in medical institutions are considered in comparison with the main indicators of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms among the civilian population. In conclusion, it is noted that today convicts are the most vulnerable group of people in terms of cancer. The main reasons for this are: insufficient logistical support, low availability of high-tech medical care, insufficient staffing of medical units of correctional institutions with qualified specialists, which, together, reduces the percentage of cancer detection at an early stage.
Key words: oncological diseases, oncological medicine, penitentiary medicine, the penal system.