R.R. Rakhimov1, A.A. Izmailov1, A.V. Sultanbaev1,2, K.V. Menshikov1,2, A.F. Nasretdinov1, Sh.I. Musin1, I.A. Sharifgaliev1, O.N. Lipatov2
1Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Ufa
2Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa
Rakhimov Radmir R. ― Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Oncologist of the Department of antitumor drug therapy of the Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary
73/1 Oktyabrya Ave., Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation, e-mail: radmir-rr@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2488-597X
Abstract. Сhemotherapy has been the standard approach to treating advanced gastric cancer for many years. Fluoropyrimidines, platinum, taxane series drugs, etc. are used. However, all the standard regimens of drug antitumor therapy did not lead to such impressive results in progression-free survival and overall survival. At the same time, immune checkpoint inhibitors helped improve the prognosis of patients suffering from generalized gastric cancer. Knowledge of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis led to the emergence of new medicinal antitumor drugs which are effective in advanced gastric cancer: entrectinib, larotrectinib, dabrafenib and trametinib, selpercatinib, trastuzumab deruxtecan, trifluridine and tipiracil, dostarlimab, nivolumab and ipilimumab, durvalumab and tremelimumab. These drugs are included in the clinical recommendations of the National Universal Cancer Network (NCCN). We disclosed the results of clinical randomized trials in this publication, on the basis of which the previously mentioned drugs were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Key words: gastric cancer, microsatellite instability, perioperative immunotherapy, targeted therapy, trifluridine and tipiracil, trastuzumab deruxtecan, entrectinib, larotrectinib, dabrafenib and trametinib, selpercatinib, dostarlimab, nivolumab and ipilimumab, durvalumab and tremelimumab.