S.V. Smetanina1, E.N. Slavnova2, E.V. Puryaeva1, I.M. Gurevich1
1Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary, Nizhniy Novgorod
2Moscow Research Oncological Institute named after P.A. Herzen ― branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Moscow
Smetanina Svetlana V. ― Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Cytological Laboratory of the Joint Pathology Department of the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary
11/1 Delovaya Str., Nizhniy Novgorod, 603163, Russian Federation, tel. +7-904-781-70-60, e-mail: smetanina7060@gmail.com, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7000-5910
Abstract. In oncological practice, the cytological method is a fundamental step in the diagnosis of the cellular composition of effusion fluids. Under microscopy, identification of tumor cells can be technically difficult. This is due to various reasons: a surprisingly wide morphological spectrum of reactive mesothelium, its stratification on tumor cells with a small number of them, lack of experience in the processing of cytological preparations, insufficient level of training or experience of the interpreter.
This review is devoted to the problems of the reliability of the results of a cytological study.
Conclusion. The «diagnostic traps» discussed in the article inevitably lead to both false positive and false negative results. But taking into account their existence and ways to eliminate them, a significant number of errors in the interpretation of the cellular composition of effusion fluids can be avoided.
Key words: cytological diagnostics, effusion fluids, cell blocks.