I.S. Kurakina1, S.V. Sergiyko2, S.A. Lukyanov2, O.V. Menshenina1
1Clinic of South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk
2South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk
Kurakina I.S. – PhD (Medicine), Head of the Oncology Department
2 Cherkasskaya St., 454052 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, tel.: +7-905-830-42-74, e-mail: shestopalowa.ru@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1831-7570
Abstract. Hepatocellular carcinoma (НСС) is characterized by an unfavorable prognosis due to late diagnosis, as evidenced by the almost complete coincidence of morbidity and mortality. When a tumor is detected at a generalized stage and treatment is delayed, the five-year survival rate is not larger than 15%. The profile of risk groups is changing: advances in hepatitis C treatment and hepatitis B vaccination have reduced the proportion of virus-associated HCC, but the epidemic of obesity and diabetes has brought metabolic factors to the fore in a number of countries.
Effective screening is a key element of successful treatment of HCC and a priority task of the healthcare system. Despite the variety of classifications and treatment algorithms, the prognosis for liver cancer depends not only on the tumor size and liver failure, but also on the nature of inflammation, the etiology of cirrhosis, tumor morphology, and molecular genetic markers. Taking into account the heterogeneity of patients and the variety of prognostic signs, the choice of HCC therapy should be individual and considered collectively. This literature review includes articles and reviews on modern methods of treating HCC.
Key words: hepatocellular cancer, liver cirrhosis, liver resection, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization.