M.A. Krylovetskaya1, A.O. Bogdanova1, Yu.P. Kuvshinov1, N.A. Kozlov1, I.G. Komarov1, I.A. Karasev1
1National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow
Bogdanova Angelina O. — endoscopist
National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Blokhin
1 Udaltsova Str., build. 1, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, tel.: +7-985-268-12-16, e-mail: linakr@bk.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9372-5195
Abstract. Mucosal melanoma (MMM) is a rare disease that significantly differs from melanoma developing on other integuments and parts of the body. It is characterized by an extreme diversity of clinical presentation and variability of the course. The aim of our study was to analyze our own experience in endoscopic diagnostics of metastatic melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as to conduct differential diagnostics with other formations of the gastrointestinal tract.
Materials and methods. Data from 29 patients diagnosed with metastatic melanoma with gastrointestinal tract lesions were analyzed at the endoscopic department of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Results and discussion. The peculiarities of the manifestation of metastatic melanomas include frequent combined lesions of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, and in rare cases, a combination of pigmented and non-pigmented forms of melanoma occurs. In the treatment of melanoma metastases in the gastrointestinal tract, the most common approach currently involves surgical treatment, as it can increase survival with fewer side effects.
Conclusion. Due to the high potential for regional metastasis and distant metastasis, as well as asymptomatic progression in the gastrointestinal tract, the diagnostic standard must include the full range of endoscopic morphological, cytological and immunohistochemical research methods.
Key words: melanoma metastasis, endoscopic diagnosis, upper gastrointestinal tract.