K.V. Menshikov1,2, A.V. Sultanbaev2, I.A. Menshikova1, Sh.I. Musin2
1Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa
2Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Ufa
Menshikov Konstantin V. ― Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology with courses on oncology and pathological anatomy of IAPE of the Bashkir State Medical University; oncologist of the Department of Chemotherapy of the Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary
73/1 Oktyabrya Ave., Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation, tel. +7-917-348-82-51, e-mail: kmenshikov80@bk.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3734-2779
Abstract
Purpose ― the article presents a study of the prevalence and clinical course of vulvar cancer in female patients in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Material and methods. The analysis of the clinical course of malignant tumors of the external genital organs was carried out in 324 patients who were treated at the Republican Clinical Oncological Dispensary (Ufa) in the period from 2015 to 2019. The age, anamnesis, anatomical localization of the tumor, its morphological structure, and the form of tumor growth were studied as the main prognostic factors. The analysis of concomitant somatic and gynecological pathology of patients with vulvar cancer was carried out.
Results. The main contingent of patients was over 50 years old, in whom a locally advanced tumor was more often detected, which corresponds to the III stage of the disease according to FIGO. The relationship between cancer history and the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis is considered. The primary tumor was localized more often in the area of the labia majora, the clitoris, and had an exophytic form of growth. The morphological variants of the tumor were considered; squamous cell keratinizing carcinoma (highly differentiated) was more often detected in 247 (76,23%) cases. In age groups over 60, there is a clear tendency to a decrease in the number of local stages of the disease.
Conclusion. The results obtained show that women over the age of 50 have a high risk of developing vulvar cancer, from 4 to 8% among all malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system of women. The relationship between the duration of the oncological history and the stage of the disease was noted. The age of the patients at the time of treatment is associated with the prevalence of the process.
Key words: epidemiology of vulvar cancer, vulvar cancer, leukoplakia, vulvar kraurosis.