A.A. Izmailov1,2, A.F. Nasretdinov1, A.V. Sultanbaev1, K.V. Menshikov1,2, N.I. Sultanbaeva1, Sh.I. Musin1
1Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Ufa
2Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa
Sultanbaev Aleksandr V. ― Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Anticancer Drug Therapy of Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary
73/1 Oktyabrya Ave., Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation, e-mail: rkodrb@yandex.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0996-5995
Abstract
Ovarian cancer among malignant cancers has a multifactorial nature of development. In recent years presence of germinal and somatic mutations in repair genes is taken into consideration and it is the basis for prescribing PARP-inhibitors. In the treatment of malignant neoplasms it is important to understand the characteristics and mechanisms of tumor progression, drug toxicity and ways to overcome it; all data is based on clinical practice in patients’ treatment.
Objective ― this work highlights a clinical case of Olaparib treatment as well as possibilities of molecular genetic diagnostics in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Material and methods. In the period from 2019 to 2021 BRCA mutations were tested in 160 biosamples in ovarian cancer patients. Samples of tumor tissue and blood samples were used as a material for the study. The results of Olaparib treatment in 23 patients showed the following: best response for progression-free survival period was achieved at the time point of 20 months. One patient experienced grade III nephrotoxicity.
Discussion. PARP-inhibitor allowed to achieve 20 months progression free survival period, 5 patients showed duration of response for 12 months, median progression-free survival in patients who completed therapy was 10 months. Olaparib demonstrated safety and tolerability by the proportion of adverse events: adverse events were registered in 13 patients out of 23, 12 patients experienced AE grade II, 1 patient suffered from nephrotoxicity grade III which was probably associated not only with nephrotoxic effect of Olaparib but also with the duration of platinum based therapy.
Conclusion. In real clinical practice Olaparib demonstrates an improvement in anticancer treatment results with a safe toxicity profile.
Key words: ovarian cancer, breast cancer, BRCA1 mutation, BRCA2 mutation, olaparib, PARP-inhibitors.