GENDER FEATURES OF COLORECTAL CANCER. A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

B.I. Gataullin1,2

1Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the MH of RF, Kazan

2Tatarstan Cancer Center, Kazan

Gataullin Bulat I. Department of Oncology, radiology and palliative medicine of KSMA Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the MH of RF, oncologist of the Oncology Department №3 of the Tatarstan Cancer Center

29 Sibirsky Trakt, Kazan, Russian Federation, 420029, tel. +7-962-553-31-07, e-mail: bulatg@list.ru

Abstract

Colon cancer and rectal cancer are among the most common cancers in the world, ranking fifth and sixth in men and fourth and seventh in women in the structure of cancer incidence. The purpose of this review is to show possible links between the patient's gender and the incidence, stage, localization, and treatment outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The review pays special attention to the protective role of female sex hormones (estrogens) in the development of colorectal cancer ,which may later help in the development of gender-specific approaches to the prevention and treatment of CRС, taking into account the protective effects of hormone replacement therapy in women.

Key words: colorectal cancer, estrogens, estrogen receptors, hormone replacement therapy.