EXTRAMEDULLARY TUMORS OF THE SPINAL CORD: CLINIC, DIAGNOSIS AND PRINCIPLES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT

Perlmutter Olga A. ― D. Sc. (Medicine), Professor, neurosurgeon of City Clinical Hospital №39 and Privolzhsky Research Medical University

144 Moscow highway, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, 603028, e-mail: oaperlmutter@gmail.com

O.A. Perlmutter1, A.V. Yarikov1,2, A.P. Fraerman1,3, I.I. Smirnov2, I.V. Gunkin4, S.S. Mazeev5, M.A. Magomedov1

1City Clinical Hospital №39, Nizhny Novgorod

2Privolzhsky Regional Medical Center of FMBA, Nizhny Novgorod

3Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod

4Mordovia Republican Central Clinical Hospital, Saransk

5Kirov Regional Clinical Hospital, Kirov

Abstract. Most often, spinal cord tumors are observed in a socially active group of people aged 30-50 years with a predominance of extramedullary tumors, which determines the great relevance of this problem. The paper describes the epidemiology, clinical picture and modern methods of diagnosis of extramedullary tumors of the spinal cord. An important role in the publication is given to scales reflecting the General functional state of the patient and the assessment of neurological status. Further, the paper describes the technical aspects of microsurgical removal of spinal cord tumors, analyzes the frequency and structure of various complications of surgical treatment. The use of optical magnification, microsurgical instruments and intraoperative neurophysiological neuromonitoring significantly reduces surgical aggression, allows to perform total removal of the tumor, to avoid iatrogenic damage to the nervous tissue.

Key words: extramedullary tumors, meningioma, neurinoma, spinal cord tumor, intradural tumors, neuroimaging.