D.V. Burba1, 3, S.V. Petrov1, 3, D.A. Abdulkhakova1, 2, R.A. Abdulkhakov3, D.M. Ruvinskiy1, E.K. Laryukova1, 2, F.F. Gubaidullina1, K.U. Gumarova4
1Republic Clinical Oncology Center named after Prof. M.Z. Sigal, Kazan
2Kazan State Medical Academy – branch campus of the RMACPE MON Russia, Kazan
3Kazan State Medical University, Kazan
4City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan
Abdulkhakova D.A. – PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, radiologist
36 Butlerov St., 420012 Kazan, Russian Federation, tel.: +7-906-113-68-00, e-mail: dabdulchakova@gmail.com, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0003-6524, SPIN-код 8724-8264
Abstract. The article demonstrates two clinical cases of diagnosis and treatment of 88- and 70-year-old female patients with giant gastric GIST. The analysis of recent scientific literature and clinical guidelines was performed. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the rarest neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract of mesenchymal origin. They account for 0.1 to 3% of all gastrointestinal malignant tumors [1]. GIST can develop in any part of the gastrointestinal tract [2, 5, 7], but are more often located in the stomach (60%) [3, 4, 6]. Given the high risk of malignancy and possible metastasis, GIST is considered to be a potentially malignant tumor [5] with an unfavorable prognosis. The average age of patients with GIST is 55–65 years old; men and women are equally affected [5]. This tumor originates from the cells of the gastrointestinal tract wall, known as interstitial Cajal cells; hence, it has signs of damaging both nervous and smooth muscle tissue differentiation [2, 3]. GIST most often have no specific symptoms and are detected accidentally during examination or surgery for another pathology [6]. The X-ray picture of GISO is insufficiently represented in the literature. We observed and illustrated with X-rays interesting cases of GIST in the stomach. The main method for the diagnosis final verification is an immunohistochemical study, which is also necessary to determine the indications for the target therapy [5].
Key words: GIST, tumor, diagnosis, stomach, surgery.