O.A. Malikhova, I.A. Karasev, T.S. Davydkina, V.V. Vereshchak, A.G. Malikhov, A.O. Tumanyan
N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the MH of RF, Moscow
Karasev I.A. ― PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher of Endoscopic Department of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology
23 Kashirskoe highway, Moscow, Russian Federation, 115478, tel. +7-925-333-19-33, e-mail: ronc-karasev@yandex.ru
Abstract. More and more evidence suggests that intestinal microbiota is one of the key factors associated with carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. The mechanisms by which bacteria affect the mucous membrane of the colon are complex and not fully understood. Obviously, the transformation of the mucous membrane is a phased and multifactorial process associated with the genetic mechanism, genetic inflammatory processes, dysregulation of the immune system and microbiome dysbiosis.
The purpose of this review is to show possible relationships between intestinal microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis, with particular attention to the dysbiosis and pro-carcinogenic properties of bacteria, such as genotoxicity and other virulence factors, host defense modulation, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense, and how new bacterial microbiota modifications may present new markers prognosis and / or goals for innovative therapeutic treatment strategies.
Key words: intestinal microbiota, colorectal cancer, dysbiosis, carcinogenesis.