V.S. Levchenko1, I.A. Kamaev2, S.A. Ananyin2, O.V. Zhelezin1, E.V. Grebenikina1, N.A. Illarionova1, E.N. Koroleva1
1Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center, Nizhny Novgorod
2Volga Region Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
Levchenko V.S. ― gynecologist and oncologist of the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center
190 Rodionov Str., Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, e-mail: vikushalevchenko@mail.ru
Abstract
Goal ― analysis of morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer in the Volga Federal District and the Nizhny Novgorod Region in comparison with all-Russian indicators.
Material and methods. The study was conducted for the period from 2008 to 2016 according to the report form №7 «Information on malignant neoplasms».
Results. Thus, our epidemiological analysis of cervical cancer in the Volga Federal District and the Nizhny Novgorod region allows us to draw the following conclusions:
Analysis of standardized incidence rates in the period from 2008 to 2016 (per 100,000 female population, world standard) shows a significant increase in all territories: in the region from 10.7 to 18.2; in the district from 10.8 to 14.7; in the Russian Federation from 12.8 to 15.5. It was also found that the regional incidence rate in 2016 is significantly higher than the indicator of the county and the Russian Federation, and the district indicator is higher than the all-Russian indicator. In 2008, the incidence of female cervical cancer in the Russian Federation was significantly higher than the regional and district indicators, which were not statistically different.
The specific gravity of malignant tumors revealed in Stage IV (the percentage of neglect) for the whole study period in the region did not rise above 10.0%, and in 2016 it decreased to 6.4%. At the same time, a decrease in the percentage of detection of malignant tumors with I-II stages of cervical cancer (from 80.4 to 68.5%), and an increase in the detection of patients with stage III (from 14.2 to 23.7%). This testifies to insufficiently effective carrying out of mass preventive examinations of women.
The intensive «coarse» death rate from cervical cancer in the Nizhny Novgorod region tends to increase by 0.7 per 100 000 female population, in the Privolzhsky okrug by 1.4. The highest mortality rate from the period under analysis fell in 2014 – in the region it reached 9.7% of the region, 7.8% in the district. Analysis of standardized mortality rates for 2008 and 2016 (per 100,000 female population, world standard) shows a significant increase in the county and the Russian Federation. There are no reliable differences in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Also, there were no significant differences in mortality in 2016 by territories. At the same time, in 2008, mortality from cervical cancer in the Nizhny Novgorod region and in the Volga Federal District was significantly lower than in the Russian Federation.
The conclusion. The study of the prevalence of cancers of female genital organs, including cervical cancer, is of great importance for the planned, purposeful organization of cancer treatment for the population of Russia and its individual regions. Differences in morbidity rates between individual territories are the basis for determining the assumed risk factors that determine the theoretical possibilities of disease prevention.
Key words: cervical cancer, morbidity and mortality of women.